Called django.setup() explicitly in management commands.

import os

import sys

import django

from django.conf import settings

from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured

from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError, handle_default_options

        # Find the installed apps

        try:

            installed_apps = settings.INSTALLED_APPS

            settings.INSTALLED_APPS

        except ImproperlyConfigured:

            # Still useful for commands that do not require functional

            # settings, like startproject or help.

            app_names = []

        else:

            # Populate the app registry outside of the try/except block to

            # avoid catching ImproperlyConfigured errors that aren't caused

            # by the absence of a settings module.

            from django.apps import apps

            apps.populate(installed_apps)

            # Setup Django outside of the try/except block to avoid catching

            # ImproperlyConfigured errors that aren't caused by the absence of

            # a settings module.

            django.setup()

            app_configs = apps.get_app_configs()

            app_names = [app_config.name for app_config in app_configs]